---
title: 'S5: Governance Requirements'
collection: Cooperative Foundations
path: >-
  Cooperative Foundations/Hub Adaptations/Central (Ontario)/S5: Governance
  Requirements
parentDocument: Central (Ontario)
outlineId: 05d4c54c-c609-42fa-9434-d0c587921fb9
createdBy: Jennie R.F.
---
:::warning
In development

:::


"what Ontario law requires, and how it maps onto what you just learned"

## Session Content:

* One-member-one-vote is legislated under the CCA, not a choice - how this interacts with the consent and consensus models you've been discussing
* By-laws are required, not optional - they must cover membership, voting, and surplus distribution (connect to: the decisions you're learning to make together will eventually need to be codified)
* Virtual/hybrid meetings and electronic voting permanently allowed since 2023 - practical win for distributed studios
* Dual status: you can be both a director and an employee, but the roles have different legal implications - your by-laws need to separate governance work from production work


\
one-page summary of CCA governance provisions relevant to worker co-ops, with links to the full Act and OCA resources

##