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---
title: Results Flow
title: Results flow
collection: Vault Archive
path: Vault Archive/Results Flow
path: Vault Archive/Results flow
parentDocument: null
outlineId: 63517541-9fbe-462a-82b7-2320bb1215e5
createdBy: Jennie R.F.
---
:::info
📢 This guide is published on coop.cool → https://coop.cool/learn/results-flow-rLKvjnqFVm
:::
## Creating a results flow for an indie game studio
Capitalism tells us only financial returns – the bigger, the better! – are important. But it doesn't have to be this way. Broadening our understanding of *what value means* can create more sustainable ways of working (and funding that work.)
@ -111,15 +116,15 @@ The goal of inventorying your activities is not just to have a list of what you
## Examples
Here's an example of a results flow from Weird Ghosts to help you visualize what we're aiming for:
Here's an example of a results flow from Baby Ghosts to help you visualize what we're aiming for:
![World of Weird - Results Flow](/img/weird_ghosts_results_flow.jpg)
![Results flow example](https://coop.cool/img/learn/results-flow-example.jpg)
To illustrate that your diagram can be formatted differently, here is [Mozilla's Theory of Change](https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/insights/trustworthy-ai-whitepaper/path-forward/introduction-theory-change/):
![](/img/MoFo_AI_Theory_of_Change_(ToC)_%E2%80%93_Landscape_Design.jpg)
![](https://coop.cool/img/learn/mofo-theory-of-change.jpg)
[Canada Learning Code](https://www.canadalearningcode.ca/theory-of-change/)'s: ![Canada Learning Code TOC](/img/clc_theory-change-2020_EN.png)
[Canada Learning Code](https://www.canadalearningcode.ca/theory-of-change/)'s: ![Canada Learning Code TOC](https://coop.cool/img/learn/clc_theory-change-2020_EN.png)
And [Furniture Bank](https://www.furniturebank.org/charity-intelligence/)'s more illustrative diagram:
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#### Start with your ultimate outcome
**Begin by stating your ultimate outcome.** Place it at the top of your workspace in a visual tool like [Miro](https://miro.com/). In addition to the above, another example is Weird Ghosts' ultimate outcome: "All marginalized game creators and studio founders in Canada have equitable access to a sustainable funding system and the resources they need to achieve their goals." (Psst… if you use Miro, copy [this board](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVM4S_rag=/?share_link_id=763577396820) to get started really fast!)
**Begin by stating your ultimate outcome.** Place it at the top of your workspace in a visual tool like [Miro](https://miro.com/). In addition to the above, another example is Baby Ghosts' ultimate outcome: "All marginalized game creators and studio founders in Canada have equitable access to a sustainable funding system and the resources they need to achieve their goals." (Psst… if you use Miro, copy [this board](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVM4S_rag=/?share_link_id=763577396820) to get started really fast!)
![](/img/creating-step-1.jpg)
![](https://coop.cool/img/learn/creating-step-1.jpg)
#### Identify your activities
Next, **place your core activities at the bottom** of your workspace. You identified 3-5 of these in the previous step. An example: One of Weird Ghosts' core activities is offering a peer-led community-based training program. Another example could be "Developing games that feature LGBTQIA+ characters and narratives." In the diagram below, we've also created labels for each pillar.
Next, **place your core activities at the bottom** of your workspace. You identified 3-5 of these in the previous step. An example: One of Baby Ghosts' core activities is offering a peer-led community-based training program. Another example could be "Developing games that feature LGBTQIA+ characters and narratives." In the diagram below, we've also created labels for each pillar.
![](/img/creating-step-2.jpg)
![](https://coop.cool/img/learn/creating-step-2.jpg)
#### Brainstorm long-, medium-, and short-term outcomes
For each activity, brainstorm the outcomes you expect to see in the short, medium, and long term. These outcomes should be a *direct result of your activities* and point toward your ultimate outcome.
* **Short-term outcomes** are the immediate effects of your activities – *changes in skills, knowledge, awareness, interests, and motivation*. For example, a short-term outcome of Weird Ghosts'" Community" activity is that creators feel an increased sense of community. In the case of developing games that feature LGBTQIA+ characters and narratives, a short-term outcome could be "Players gain exposure to diverse characters and narratives."
* **Medium-term outcomes** are the *changes in action, behaviour, practice, and attitude* that result from the short-term outcomes. For Weird Ghosts, a medium-term outcome is that creators reinvest in the community. A medium-term outcome for the game development activity might be "Players develop empathy and understanding towards LGBTQIA+ identities."
* **Long-term outcomes** are the *changes in state or condition* that result from the medium-term outcomes. A long-term outcome for Weird Ghosts is that creators feel a sense of belonging to a community they can engage with, support, and draw from. In the case of the game development activity, a long-term outcome could be "Players advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights and inclusion."
* **Short-term outcomes** are the immediate effects of your activities – *changes in skills, knowledge, awareness, interests, and motivation*. For example, a short-term outcome of Baby Ghosts' "Community" activity is that creators feel an increased sense of community. In the case of developing games that feature LGBTQIA+ characters and narratives, a short-term outcome could be "Players gain exposure to diverse characters and narratives."
* **Medium-term outcomes** are the *changes in action, behaviour, practice, and attitude* that result from the short-term outcomes. For Baby Ghosts, a medium-term outcome is that creators reinvest in the community. A medium-term outcome for the game development activity might be "Players develop empathy and understanding towards LGBTQIA+ identities."
* **Long-term outcomes** are the *changes in state or condition* that result from the medium-term outcomes. A long-term outcome for Baby Ghosts is that creators feel a sense of belonging to a community they can engage with, support, and draw from. In the case of the game development activity, a long-term outcome could be "Players advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights and inclusion."
In your visual workspace, draw three columns or pillars below your ultimate outcome for these long-term, medium-term, and short-term outcomes. Place the long-term outcomes closest to the ultimate outcome and the short-term outcomes at the bottom.
![](/img/creating-step-3.jpg)
![](https://coop.cool/img/learn/creating-step-3.jpg)
#### Map outcomes to activities
Now, draw lines to connect your activities to your short-, medium- and long-term outcomes and those to your ultimate outcome. Each line represents a step in your results flow, showing how each activity and outcome contributes to your ultimate outcome.
![](/img/creating-step-4.jpg)
![](https://coop.cool/img/learn/creating-step-4.jpg)
This process will require some iteration as you make connections between your activities and outcomes and refine your outcomes to be as clear (hint: and as *measurable*) as possible. It's okay if it's not perfect on the first try – this is a living document. We just updated Weird Ghosts' last month!
This process will require some iteration as you make connections between your activities and outcomes and refine your outcomes to be as clear (hint: and as *measurable*) as possible. It's okay if it's not perfect on the first try – this is a living document. We updated ours recently!
By the end of this process, you should have a clear visual representation of your results flow, showing how your activities lead to your ultimate outcome. This will be a critical tool for planning, implementing, and evaluating your studio's impact. You can read more about that in our article [Developing Your Impact Measurement Framework](/articles/impact-measurement)
By the end of this process, you should have a clear visual representation of your results flow, showing how your activities lead to your ultimate outcome. This will be a critical tool for planning, implementing, and evaluating your studio's impact. You can read more about that in our article [Developing Your Impact Measurement Framework](https://coop.cool/learn/impact-measurement-bvudfOTpLL)
## Refining your results flow
@ -195,7 +200,7 @@ Also, consider the logic of your outcomes. Do your short-term outcomes *logicall
#### Identifying outcomes you will hold yourself accountable for achieving
Next, decide which outcomes on your results chain you will commit to achieving and, therefore [*measuring*](/articles/impact-measurement). This is about setting clear commitments and holding yourself accountable.
Next, decide which outcomes on your results chain you will commit to achieving and, therefore [*measuring*](https://coop.cool/learn/impact-measurement-bvudfOTpLL). This is about setting clear commitments and holding yourself accountable.
For example, you might decide to hold yourself accountable for the short-term outcome of "Players gain exposure to diverse characters and narratives." This means you would need to find ways to measure this outcome, such as through player surveys, feedback, discussion forums, and app analytics.
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We hope we've inspired you to think ever more deeply about the impact of your games and how you make them. Embrace the whole process, refer to your results flow regularly and let it guide your core work.
In the next article in this series, we cover [**creating your impact measurement framework**](/articles/impact-measurement).
In the next article in this series, we cover [**creating your impact measurement framework**](https://coop.cool/learn/impact-measurement-bvudfOTpLL).
We can't wait to see the impact you'll make!